Here are some concrete reasons why soil analysis is so important for organic farms:

• Soil nutrient management: soil analyses help organic farmers understand the nutrient levels in their soil, which is essential for proper soil nutrient management.By understanding the nutrient content of the soil, farmers can make informed decisions on which organic fertilisers and soil amendments to use to make up for nutrient deficiencies in the soil, leading to better yields and healthier plants.
• Soil health management: organic farming practices focus on building and maintaining healthy soil ecosystems.Soil analyses help farmers understand the health of their soils, including organic matter levels, microbial activity and nutrient cycling.By improving soil ecosystem health, farmers can create a more sustainable and resilient farming system.
• Soil contamination management: soil analyses can also help organic farmers detect possible soil contamination by heavy metals, pesticides or other harmful substances.Regular soil analyses can identify any potential problems early, allowing farmers to take corrective action before yield or quality is affected.

The above are reasons why it should be up to the farmer to decide in favour of soil analysis. However, in recent years, soil analysis has become a requirement from the organic certification body to demonstrate that good agricultural practices are being followed in terms of tillage methods, plant diversity and rotation, resulting in high quality organic production. 

Organic farmers are required to carry out various soil analyses to ensure that their soil health and nutrient levels are optimal for growing healthy crops. The type of soil analysis required will depend on the specific needs of the farm and the crops grown. However, here are some common types of soil analysis that organic farmers should consider:

• Soil pH test: the soil pH test is important for organic farmers as it helps to determine whether the soil is acidic or alkaline. Soil pH can have a significant impact on the availability of nutrients to plants, so maintaining the correct pH level is essential for a healthy harvest.
• Nutrient analysis: organic farmers should regularly check the nutrient content of their soil, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). This helps to ensure that crops have the nutrients they need for healthy growth and high yields.
• Soil organic matter: organic matter is an essential component of soil health and organic farmers should regularly check the soil organic matter content. Organic matter helps to improve soil structure and water-holding capacity, and provides nutrients for crops.
• Soil microbiology: soil microbiology testing can help organic farmers assess the health of their soil ecosystem. This includes measuring microbial populations such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
• Heavy metal testing: organic farmers should test their soil for heavy metal contamination as this can have a significant impact on the health and safety of their crops. This is particularly important in urban and industrial areas where soil contamination can be higher.

In summary, soil analysis is essential for organic farming practices to ensure healthy soils, high quality crops and sustainable farming systems. Regular soil analysis can help farmers make informed decisions on nutrient management, soil health and pollution prevention, leading to more successful organic farms.

IEVA LĀCE, Head of the Third Country Organic Sector, Chief Expert - Auditor, SIA "Sertifikācijas un testēšanas centrs"